Erbium
68
Er
Gruppe
n/a
Periode
6
Block
f
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
68
68
99
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
68
Atommasse
167,259
Massenzahl
167
Kategorie
Lanthanoide
Farbe
Silber
Radioaktiv
Nein
Erbium wurde nach Ytterby benannt, einer Stadt in Schweden
Kristallstruktur
Einfach hexagonal
Geschichte
Erbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that contained the pink color was erbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that contained the pink color was erbium.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
The highest concentration of erbium in humans is in the bones
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
9,066 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
1802,15 K | 1529 °C | 2784,2 °F
Siedepunkt
3141,15 K | 2868 °C | 5194,4 °F
Schmelzwärme
19,9 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
285 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,168 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,0003%
Häufigkeit im Universum
2×10-7%
CAS-Nummer
7440-52-0
PubChem CID-Nummer
23980
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
176 pm
Kovalenter Radius
189 pm
Elektronegativität
1,24 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
6,1077 eV
Molares Volumen
18,4 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,143 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
3
Anwendung
Erbium is used in photographic filters to absorb infrared light.
Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes.
It is also used in nuclear technology in neutron-absorbing control rods.
Erbium is used in alloys especially with vanadium to decrease the hardness of metals.
Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes.
It is also used in nuclear technology in neutron-absorbing control rods.
Erbium is used in alloys especially with vanadium to decrease the hardness of metals.
Erbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
162Er, 164Er, 166Er, 167Er, 168Er, 170ErInstabile Isotope
143Er, 144Er, 145Er, 146Er, 147Er, 148Er, 149Er, 150Er, 151Er, 152Er, 153Er, 154Er, 155Er, 156Er, 157Er, 158Er, 159Er, 160Er, 161Er, 163Er, 165Er, 169Er, 171Er, 172Er, 173Er, 174Er, 175Er, 176Er, 177Er