Cadmium
48
Cd
Gruppe
12
Periode
5
Block
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
48
48
64
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
48
Atommasse
112,411
Massenzahl
112
Kategorie
Übergangsmetalle
Farbe
Silber
Radioaktiv
Nein
From the Latin word cadmia, Greek kadmeia - the ancient name for calamine, zinc carbonate
Kristallstruktur
Einfach hexagonal
Geschichte
Cadmium was discovered by German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817 as an impurity in zinc carbonate.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Cadmium is a soft metal which is easily cut with a knife
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
8,69 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
594,22 K | 321,07 °C | 609,93 °F
Siedepunkt
1040,15 K | 767 °C | 1412,6 °F
Schmelzwärme
6,3 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
100 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,232 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,000015%
Häufigkeit im Universum
2×10-7%
Danksagungen für Bilder: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
A crystal cadmium bar made by the flux process
CAS-Nummer
7440-43-9
PubChem CID-Nummer
23973
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
151 pm
Kovalenter Radius
144 pm
Elektronegativität
1,69 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
8,9938 eV
Molares Volumen
13,1 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,968 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
1, 2
Anwendung
Cadmium is a key component in battery production.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
Cadmium and its compounds are highly toxic
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
106Cd, 108Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114CdInstabile Isotope
95Cd, 96Cd, 97Cd, 98Cd, 99Cd, 100Cd, 101Cd, 102Cd, 103Cd, 104Cd, 105Cd, 107Cd, 109Cd, 113Cd, 115Cd, 116Cd, 117Cd, 118Cd, 119Cd, 120Cd, 121Cd, 122Cd, 123Cd, 124Cd, 125Cd, 126Cd, 127Cd, 128Cd, 129Cd, 130Cd, 131Cd, 132Cd