Indium
49
In
Gruppe
13
Periode
5
Block
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
49
49
66
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
49
Atommasse
114,818
Massenzahl
115
Kategorie
Metalle
Farbe
Silber
Radioaktiv
Nein
From the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum
Kristallstruktur
Tetragonal zentriert
Geschichte
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
7,31 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Siedepunkt
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Schmelzwärme
3,26 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
230 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,233 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,000016%
Häufigkeit im Universum
3×10-8%
CAS-Nummer
7440-74-6
PubChem CID-Nummer
5359967
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
167 pm
Kovalenter Radius
142 pm
Elektronegativität
1,78 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
5,7864 eV
Molares Volumen
15,7 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,816 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
1, 2, 3
Anwendung
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
113InInstabile Isotope
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In