Kupfer
29
Cu
Gruppe
11
Periode
4
Block
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
29
29
35
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
29
Atommasse
63,546
Massenzahl
64
Kategorie
Übergangsmetalle
Farbe
Kupfer
Radioaktiv
Nein
Aus dem Lateinischen cuprum, von den Inseln Zyperns
Kristallstruktur
Kubisch flächenzentriert
Geschichte
Copper occurs naturally as native copper and was known to some of the oldest civilizations on record.
Earliest estimates of the discovery of copper suggest around 9000 BC in the Middle East.
It was one of the most important materials to humans throughout the copper and bronze ages.
Earliest estimates of the discovery of copper suggest around 9000 BC in the Middle East.
It was one of the most important materials to humans throughout the copper and bronze ages.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 1
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Pure copper is orange-red and acquires a reddish tarnish when exposed to air
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
8,96 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
1357,75 K | 1084,6 °C | 1984,28 °F
Siedepunkt
2835,15 K | 2562 °C | 4643,6 °F
Schmelzwärme
13,1 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
300 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,385 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,0068%
Häufigkeit im Universum
6×10-6%
CAS-Nummer
7440-50-8
PubChem CID-Nummer
23978
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
128 pm
Kovalenter Radius
132 pm
Elektronegativität
1,9 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
7,7264 eV
Molares Volumen
7,1 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
4,01 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
1, 2, 3, 4
Anwendung
Copper is often used for electrical wiring applications and for household plumbing applications.
Copper sulfate is used as a fungicide and as an algicide in rivers, lakes and ponds.
It is also used in cookware and cooking utensils.
Commercially important alloys such as brass and bronze are made with copper and other metals.
Copper sulfate is used as a fungicide and as an algicide in rivers, lakes and ponds.
It is also used in cookware and cooking utensils.
Commercially important alloys such as brass and bronze are made with copper and other metals.
Cooking acidic food in copper pots can cause toxicity
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
63Cu, 65CuInstabile Isotope
52Cu, 53Cu, 54Cu, 55Cu, 56Cu, 57Cu, 58Cu, 59Cu, 60Cu, 61Cu, 62Cu, 64Cu, 66Cu, 67Cu, 68Cu, 69Cu, 70Cu, 71Cu, 72Cu, 73Cu, 74Cu, 75Cu, 76Cu, 77Cu, 78Cu, 79Cu, 80Cu