Gold
79
Au
Gruppe
11
Periode
6
Block
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
79
79
118
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
79
Atommasse
196,966569
Massenzahl
197
Kategorie
Übergangsmetalle
Farbe
Gold
Radioaktiv
Nein
Aus dem Lateinischen aurum (Gold)
Kristallstruktur
Kubisch flächenzentriert
Geschichte
Gold has been known since prehistoric times and was the first metal used by humans.
Gold artifacts dated to 5000 years ago have been found in Egyptian tombs.
Gold of 98% purity has been found in Nahal Qunah in the ancient kingdom of Israel, dating from about 6000 years ago.
Gold artifacts dated to 5000 years ago have been found in Egyptian tombs.
Gold of 98% purity has been found in Nahal Qunah in the ancient kingdom of Israel, dating from about 6000 years ago.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
India is the world's largest single consumer of gold
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
19,282 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
1337,35 K | 1064,2 °C | 1947,56 °F
Siedepunkt
3129,15 K | 2856 °C | 5172,8 °F
Schmelzwärme
12,5 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
330 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,129 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
3,1×10-7%
Häufigkeit im Universum
6×10-8%
Danksagungen für Bilder: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Synthetic made gold crystals by the chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
CAS-Nummer
7440-57-5
PubChem CID-Nummer
23985
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
144 pm
Kovalenter Radius
136 pm
Elektronegativität
2,54 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
9,2255 eV
Molares Volumen
10,2 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
3,17 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
-1, 1, 2, 3, 5
Anwendung
Gold is used in coinage and is a standard for monetary systems in many countries.
It is also extensively used for jewelry, decoration, dental work, and for plating.
Gold is used widely in microelectronic circuits to ensure reliable, corrosion-resistant and static-free performance.
Gold leaf, flake or dust is used in some gourmet foods as decorative ingredient.
It is also extensively used for jewelry, decoration, dental work, and for plating.
Gold is used widely in microelectronic circuits to ensure reliable, corrosion-resistant and static-free performance.
Gold leaf, flake or dust is used in some gourmet foods as decorative ingredient.
Gold is considered to be non-toxic
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
197AuInstabile Isotope
169Au, 170Au, 171Au, 172Au, 173Au, 174Au, 175Au, 176Au, 177Au, 178Au, 179Au, 180Au, 181Au, 182Au, 183Au, 184Au, 185Au, 186Au, 187Au, 188Au, 189Au, 190Au, 191Au, 192Au, 193Au, 194Au, 195Au, 196Au, 198Au, 199Au, 200Au, 201Au, 202Au, 203Au, 204Au, 205Au