Palladium
46
Pd
Gruppe
10
Periode
5
Block
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
46
46
60
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
46
Atommasse
106,42
Massenzahl
106
Kategorie
Übergangsmetalle
Farbe
Silber
Radioaktiv
Nein
Palladium wurde nach dem Asteroid Pallas benannt; Pallas war die griechische Göttin der Weisheit
Kristallstruktur
Kubisch flächenzentriert
Geschichte
Palladium was discovered in 1803, in London, by English chemist William Hyde Wollaston.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 18
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d10
In the late 1800s, palladium was more expensive than platinum
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
12,02 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
1828,05 K | 1554,9 °C | 2830,82 °F
Siedepunkt
3236,15 K | 2963 °C | 5365,4 °F
Schmelzwärme
16,7 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
380 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,244 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
6,3×10-7%
Häufigkeit im Universum
2×10-7%
CAS-Nummer
7440-05-3
PubChem CID-Nummer
23938
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
137 pm
Kovalenter Radius
139 pm
Elektronegativität
2,2 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
8,3369 eV
Molares Volumen
8,9 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,718 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
2, 4
Anwendung
The largest use of palladium is in catalytic converters in the automobile industry.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Palladium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
102Pd, 104Pd, 105Pd, 106Pd, 108Pd, 110PdInstabile Isotope
91Pd, 92Pd, 93Pd, 94Pd, 95Pd, 96Pd, 97Pd, 98Pd, 99Pd, 100Pd, 101Pd, 103Pd, 107Pd, 109Pd, 111Pd, 112Pd, 113Pd, 114Pd, 115Pd, 116Pd, 117Pd, 118Pd, 119Pd, 120Pd, 121Pd, 122Pd, 123Pd, 124Pd