Yttrium

39
Y
Gruppe
3
Periode
5
Block
d
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
39
39
50
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
39
Atommasse
88,90585
Massenzahl
89
Kategorie
Übergangsmetalle
Farbe
Silber
Radioaktiv
Nein
Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden near Vauxholm
Kristallstruktur
Einfach hexagonal
Geschichte
In 1787, Carl Axel Arrhenius found a new mineral near Ytterby in Sweden and named it ytterbite, after the village.

Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.

Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Y
Finely divided yttrium is very unstable in air
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
4,469 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
1799,15 K | 1526 °C | 2778,8 °F
Siedepunkt
3609,15 K | 3336 °C | 6036,8 °F
Schmelzwärme
11,4 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
380 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,298 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,0029%
Häufigkeit im Universum
7×10-7%
High
Danksagungen für Bilder: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
High purity yttrium
CAS-Nummer
7440-65-5
PubChem CID-Nummer
23993
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
180 pm
Kovalenter Radius
190 pm
Elektronegativität
1,22 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
6,2173 eV
Molares Volumen
19,8 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,172 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
1, 2, 3
Anwendung
Yttrium is often used in alloys, increasing the strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys.

Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.

It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.

Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Exposure to yttrium compounds in humans may cause lung disease
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
89Y
Instabile Isotope
76Y, 77Y, 78Y, 79Y, 80Y, 81Y, 82Y, 83Y, 84Y, 85Y, 86Y, 87Y, 88Y, 90Y, 91Y, 92Y, 93Y, 94Y, 95Y, 96Y, 97Y, 98Y, 99Y, 100Y, 101Y, 102Y, 103Y, 104Y, 105Y, 106Y, 107Y, 108Y