Sauerstoff
8
O
Gruppe
16
Periode
2
Block
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
8
8
8
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
8
Atommasse
15,9994
Massenzahl
16
Kategorie
Nichtmetalle
Farbe
Farblos
Radioaktiv
Nein
Aus dem Griechischen oxys (Säure) und genes (Bildung)
Kristallstruktur
Moniklin basiszentriert
Geschichte
Carl Wilhelm Scheele obtained oxygen by heating mercuric oxide and nitrates in 1771, but did not publish his findings until 1777.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 6
Elektronenkonfiguration
[He] 2s2 2p4
Green and red colors in the Aurora Borealis are caused by oxygen atoms
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Gasförmig
Dichte
0,001429 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
54,36 K | -218,79 °C | -361,82 °F
Siedepunkt
90,2 K | -182,95 °C | -297,31 °F
Schmelzwärme
0,222 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
3,41 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,918 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
46%
Häufigkeit im Universum
1%
CAS-Nummer
7782-44-7
PubChem CID-Nummer
977
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
48 pm
Kovalenter Radius
66 pm
Elektronegativität
3,44 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
13,6181 eV
Molares Volumen
14,0 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,0002674 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
-2, -1, 1, 2
Anwendung
Pure oxygen is frequently used to help breathing in patients with respiratory ailments.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen gas can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
16O, 17O, 18OInstabile Isotope
12O, 13O, 14O, 15O, 19O, 20O, 21O, 22O, 23O, 24O, 25O, 26O, 27O, 28O