Terbium
65
Tb
Gruppe
n/a
Periode
6
Block
f
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
65
65
94
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
65
Atommasse
158,92535
Massenzahl
159
Kategorie
Lanthanoide
Farbe
Silber
Radioaktiv
Nein
Terbium wurde nach Ytterby benannt, einer Stadt in Schweden
Kristallstruktur
Einfach hexagonal
Geschichte
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Terbium is soft enough to be cut with a knife
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Fest
Dichte
8,229 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
1629,15 K | 1356 °C | 2472,8 °F
Siedepunkt
3503,15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
Schmelzwärme
10,8 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
295 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,182 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,000093%
Häufigkeit im Universum
5×10-8%
CAS-Nummer
7440-27-9
PubChem CID-Nummer
23958
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
177 pm
Kovalenter Radius
194 pm
Elektronegativität
1,2 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
5,8638 eV
Molares Volumen
19,20 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,111 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
1, 3, 4
Anwendung
Terbium is used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
Terbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
159TbInstabile Isotope
136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb