Brom

35
Br
Gruppe
17
Periode
4
Block
p
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
35
35
45
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
35
Atommasse
79,904
Massenzahl
80
Kategorie
Halogene
Farbe
Rot
Radioaktiv
Nein
Aus dem Griechischen bromos, Gestank
Kristallstruktur
Orthorhombisch basiszentriert
Geschichte
Carl Jacob Löwig discovered bromine in 1825, while still a chemistry student at Heidelberg University, Germany.

Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.

He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Elektronen pro Schale
2, 8, 18, 7
Elektronenkonfiguration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Br
Bromine is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Flüssig
Dichte
3,122 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
265,95 K | -7,2 °C | 19,04 °F
Siedepunkt
331,95 K | 58,8 °C | 137,84 °F
Schmelzwärme
5,8 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
14,8 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0,474 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,0003%
Häufigkeit im Universum
7×10-7%
Pure
Danksagungen für Bilder: Images-of-elements
Pure liquid bromine
CAS-Nummer
7726-95-6
PubChem CID-Nummer
24408
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
120 pm
Kovalenter Radius
120 pm
Elektronegativität
2,96 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
11,8138 eV
Molares Volumen
23,5 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,00122 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
-1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7
Anwendung
Bromine is used in making fumigants, flameproofing agents, water purification compounds, dyes, medicines and sanitizers.

Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.

Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Bromine is poisonous and causes skin burns
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
79Br, 81Br
Instabile Isotope
67Br, 68Br, 69Br, 70Br, 71Br, 72Br, 73Br, 74Br, 75Br, 76Br, 77Br, 78Br, 80Br, 82Br, 83Br, 84Br, 85Br, 86Br, 87Br, 88Br, 89Br, 90Br, 91Br, 92Br, 93Br, 94Br, 95Br, 96Br, 97Br