Wasserstoff
1
H
Gruppe
1
Periode
1
Block
s
Protonen
Elektronen
Neutronen
1
1
0
Generelle Eigenschaften
Ordnungszahl
1
Atommasse
1,00794
Massenzahl
1
Kategorie
Nichtmetalle
Farbe
Farblos
Radioaktiv
Nein
Aus dem Griechischen hydro (Wasser) und genes (Gene)
Kristallstruktur
Einfach hexagonal
Geschichte
Henry Cavendish was the first to distinguish hydrogen from other gases in 1766 when he prepared it by reacting hydrochloric acid with zinc.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
Elektronen pro Schale
1
Elektronenkonfiguration
1s1
Hydrogen is the primary component of Jupiter and the other gas giant planets
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Aggregatzustand
Gasförmig
Dichte
0,00008988 g/cm3
Schmelzpunkt
14,01 K | -259,14 °C | -434,45 °F
Siedepunkt
20,28 K | -252,87 °C | -423,17 °F
Schmelzwärme
0,558 kJ/mol
Verdampfungswärme
0,452 kJ/mol
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
14,304 J/g·K
Häufigkeit in der Erdkruste
0,15%
Häufigkeit im Universum
75%
CAS-Nummer
1333-74-0
PubChem CID-Nummer
783
Atomeigenschaften
Atomradius
53 pm
Kovalenter Radius
31 pm
Elektronegativität
2,2 (Pauling-Skala)
Ionisierungsenergie
13,5984 eV
Molares Volumen
14,4 cm3/mol
Wärmeleitfähigkeit
0,001815 W/cm·K
Oxidationszustände
-1, 1
Anwendung
Liquid hydrogen is used as a rocket fuel.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen poses a number of hazards to safety, from fires when mixed with air to being an asphyxiant in its pure form
Isotope
Stabile Isotope
1H, 2HInstabile Isotope
3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H